Iyi ndi nkhani yomaliza pamndandanda wamagawo atatu womwe ukuwunika zovuta zazikulu zolipiritsa magalimoto amtundu wa anthu komanso momwe angawathetsere (werengani Gawo 1 ndi Gawo 2).Canary ikuthokoza EnergyHub pothandizira mndandandawu.
Erica Myers amatha kuyankhula tsiku lonse za miyezo yoyendetsera galimoto yamagetsi.Kupatula apo, iyi ndi ntchito yake monga mkulu wa mabungwe otsogola padziko lonse lapansi odzipereka kuwakweza.
Komabe, akufuna kuti asakhale ndi nthawi yocheperako akukangana pamiyezo yolipirira magalimoto amagetsi yomwe yakhala ikutchuka posachedwapa: mkangano wokhudza mtundu wa pulagi yamagetsi yamagetsi yomwe pamapeto pake idzalamulira msika waku US wothamangitsa mwachangu.Nkhondoyi ili pakati pa Tesla's proprietary North American Charging Standard (NACS) ndi pulagi yophatikizira yopangira magetsi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupifupi galimoto ina iliyonse yamagetsi yogulitsidwa mdziko muno - ngakhale izi zitha kusintha posachedwa pomwe opanga ma automaker akukonzekera kusamukira ku zolumikizira zogwirizana ndi NACS m'tsogolomu. .zitsanzo zamagalimoto amagetsi.
Izi sizikutanthauza kuti kuyitanitsa mapulagi sikofunikira.Kutali.Koma Myers, wamkulu wa Charging Interface Initiative of North America (CharIN), yomwe ili ndi mamembala opitilira 330, ali ndi miliyoni ina ndi mfundo imodzi yofunikira kuti athetse.
"Timadutsa miyezo yolumikizira," adatero. “<“无论是什么阻碍了充电方面良好的消费者体验，這都是我們集中时间和精力的地方. “<“无论是什么阻碍了充电方面良好的消费者体验，這都是我們集中时间和精力的地方."Chilichonse chomwe chingalepheretse kuthamangitsa ogula ndipamene timayika nthawi ndi mphamvu zathu.Zachidziwikire, kuwonetsetsa kuti kugwirira ntchito limodzi ndikukhazikitsa miyezo ndi gawo la izi.“
M'gawo 1 ndi 2 la mndandandawu, tafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane vuto la zomangamanga zosadalirika za EV zolipiritsa mdziko muno.Timalongosolanso momwe zoyesayesa zamakampani ndi boma zopititsa patsogolo zokolola, kuphatikiza kuyitanira ndalama zazikulu kwambiri zaboma pakulipiritsa magalimoto amagetsi m'mbiri ya US, zingalephereke chifukwa chosowa deta.
Nkhani zodalirika izi makamaka chifukwa cha kusowa kokhazikika mumakampani opangira ma EV aku US.Madalaivala amagalimoto amagetsi nthawi zambiri amasinthidwa ndi malo ochapira omwe samalumikizana bwino ndi pulogalamu yoyang'anira ma charger amgalimoto, kapena njira zolipirira zomwe sizigwirizana ndi pulogalamu yapa foni yam'manja yomwe amatsitsa.
"Mukatsegula malo opangira mafuta, mumadziwa kuti galimoto yanu idzagwira ntchito," adatero Myers. â�<“但是您对充电器的体验却不同。” â�<“但是您对充电器的体验却不同。”"Koma zomwe mwakumana nazo pa charger ndizosiyana."
Kwenikweni, makampaniwa akukumana ndi vuto lalikulu lolumikizana: kulola ma charger a EV opangidwa ndi opanga osiyanasiyana, oyendetsedwa ndi operekera ma network osiyanasiyana, ndikugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu ochokera kumakampani ambiri osiyanasiyana kuti azigwira ntchito mosasunthika ndi magalimoto omangidwa padziko lonse lapansi.DZIKO LAPANSI - Pakalipano, magalimoto atsopano amagetsi ndi mapulogalamu a mapulogalamu akumasulidwa.
Myers adati otsimikizira opanga ma automaker, oyendetsa magalimoto amagetsi ndi ma hardware ndi mapulogalamu ambiri omwe amawathandizira kuti agwirizane ndi momwe matekinoloje awo amagwirira ntchito limodzi atha kukhala chothandizira kwambiri pakusintha magalimoto amagetsi, kuyeretsa njira zolepheretsa zovuta kuyanjana koyambirira.khulupirirani.
Myers ndi CharIN si makampani okhawo omwe akuyang'ana kuti athetsere mavuto amakampani.Ndilinso pamtima pa dongosolo la boma la feduro loyika mamiliyoni a magalimoto amagetsi pamsewu pofika kumapeto kwa zaka zana.
M'mwezi wa February, bungwe la Biden linatulutsa malamulo oti mabungwe aboma ndi anzawo azigawo zing'onozing'ono azifunafuna ndalama pansi pa pulogalamu ya $5 biliyoni ya National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure (NEVI) yomwe idakhazikitsidwa ndi bipartisan Infrastructure Act ya 2021. mapulojekiti ogwiritsira ntchito matekinoloje ozikidwa pamiyezo kuti awonetsetse kuti atha kuthandiza dalaivala aliyense wagalimoto yamagetsi lero komanso mtsogolo.
Malamulowa atha kubweretsa kusintha kwakukulu pamakina ogawika a EV ku US, koma pokhapokha ngati makampani omwe ali mumakampani opanga ma EV atha kuwakakamiza.
Zizindikiro zamavuto okhazikika zili paliponse pamsika wa US EV.Momwe zinthu zilili, sikophweka kupeza mayankho a mafunso ofunika kwambiri: ndi umisiri uti womwe ungagwire ntchito limodzi?
A John Smart, Director wa National Charging Experience (ChargeX) Alliance (ChargeX) Alliance (ChargeX) Alliance (ChargeX) Alliance (ChargeX) Alliance (ChargeX) Alliance (ChargeX) Director wa Alliance (ChargeX) adati "palibe okhwima. dongosolo pakati pa ma charger ndi magalimoto kuti apange ndikugawana zidziwitso zodziwika bwino. ”Alliance ndi mgwirizano wapagulu ndi wabizinesi wopangidwa ndi federal Joint Energy and Transportation Administration kuti azitha kuyang'anira ndalama za federal pakulipiritsa magalimoto amagetsi.
"Zomwe zilili pano ndikuti charger iliyonse iyenera kuyesedwa pagalimoto iliyonse kuti itsimikizire kuti ikugwirizana - izi sizowopsa," adawonjezera.
Chithunzichi chochokera ku ChargeX chosindikizira chikuwonetsa kusakanikirana kwa njira zoyankhulirana zokhazikika komanso zosagwirizana pakati pa magalimoto amagetsi, ma charger amagetsi amagetsi, ndi mapulaneti a mapulogalamu a seva omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito panopa pamakampani.Izi zikuwonetsa momwe zimavutira kuti azigwira ntchito limodzi bwino.
Gawo lina la ntchito ya ChargeX ndikulumikizana ndi opanga ma automaker, opanga ma charger, opangira ma netiweki omwe amawalipiritsa pagulu ndi opanga mapulogalamu ndikufikira kumvana pazaukadaulo wogwiritsa ntchito kuthetsa vutoli.Koma kuyesayesa uku kuyenera kuthana ndi kusakhazikika pakati pa liwiro la kutumizidwa kwa zida zamakono zolipiritsa ndi mapulogalamu ndi kuyesetsa kutsegulira miyezo yaukadaulo.
Tiyeni titenge chitsanzo cha Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP).Ndilo njira yolumikizirana yotseguka yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mothandizidwa ndi Open Charging Alliance ndipo yakhala template yayikulu yosinthira nthawi ya charger, thanzi ndi magwiridwe antchito pakati pa malo opangira ma charger ku Europe ndi North America ndi machitidwe akumbuyo omwe amawongolera.
Koma mpaka posachedwapa, OCPP 1.6-yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muyeso, yomwe idatulutsidwa koyamba mu 2015-idakali ndi vuto lalikulu, atero a Julian Offermann, CEO wa S44, wotsegulira mapulogalamu a EV omwe ali ku New Jersey.OCPP 1.6 sichipereka woyendetsa dongosolo ndi mndandanda wa zizindikiro zolakwika kuti asonyeze vuto linalake lomwe linachititsa kuti gawo la malipiro lilephereke kapena kutha msanga, koma m'malo mwake limakhala ndi uthenga wolakwika.
"Kusowa kwa chidziwitso chokhudza zigawo za poyatsira kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta," adatero Offerman. �<“如果您對這些系统沒有清晰的监控，您就不知道出了什么问题。” �<“如果您對這些系统沒有清晰的监控，您就不知道出了什么问题。”"Ngati mulibe kuyang'anira bwino machitidwewa, simukudziwa chomwe chikulakwika."
ChargeX's Smart ikuvomereza kuti cholakwika chimodzi choperekedwa ndi OCPP 1.6 chikufanana ndi "kutuluka m'ndende" kwa opanga ma toll system ndi ogwiritsa ntchito ma network omwe amawagwiritsa ntchito.Wopanga ma charger aliyense apanga njira zosiyanasiyana zodziwira zolakwika za mkati, ndipo kupanga onse opanga ma charger kuti agwirizane panjira yofanana yosinthira mauthenga olakwika a eni akewa kukhala mtundu wodziwika bwino wa lipoti la data ndikovuta.
Smart adazindikira kuti mtundu waposachedwa wa muyezo, OCPP 2.0.1, udatulutsidwa mchaka cha 2020 kuti akonzere nkhaniyi pophatikizanso zolakwika zambiri, ndipo mulingo wa NEVI umafuna kuti mapulojekiti onse agwiritse ntchito zida zake kuti atengere mulingo waposachedwa kwambiri. �<“不过，充电站运营商在如何选择报告错说方面有很大的自由度，”他 �<“不过，充电站运营商在如何选择报告错说方面有很大的自由度，”他"Komabe, ogwira ntchito m'malo opangira ndalama amakhala ndi nzeru zambiri momwe amafotokozera zolakwika," adatero.
Koma OCPP 2.0.1 si "yobwerera m'mbuyo" ndi matembenuzidwe akale, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu azilipira omwe akufuna kukweza maukonde omwe alipo kuti agwiritse ntchito.Ichi ndi chitsanzo cha momwe kutengera ukadaulo mdziko lenileni kukuchulukirachulukira kuposa momwe amayenderana ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa miyezo yogwirizana.
Pulogalamu ya NEVI imapereka mwayi kwa zofunikira za federal kuyesa kuthana ndi mavutowa ndi ma charger amtsogolo.Mu Novembala, ChargeX idasindikiza mndandanda wamakhodi 26 ovomerezeka osachepera.
"Timalimbikitsa makampani onse opangira ndalama za EV kuti agwiritse ntchito detayi, osachepera, kuti amvetsetse mosavuta ndi kutanthauziridwa ndi aliyense amene akukhudzidwa kuti adziwe ndi kuthetsa vutoli," adatero Smart.
Chilolezo cholipira ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri cholephera ndipo chikuwonetsa zovuta pakukhazikitsa miyezo mumakampani opangira ma EV.Powunikanso ma charger a magalimoto amtundu wa anthu m'dera la Los Angeles, mtolankhani wa Wall Street Journal Joanna Stern adayendera ma charger opitilira 120 ndipo pafupifupi 10 peresenti yaiwo anali kugwira ntchito, koma khadi lake la ngongole silinavomerezedwe.
S44's Offermann adanenanso kuti osachepera masiteshoniwa azitha kulandira makhadi a ngongole ndi kirediti.Zambiri mwazinthu zoyambilira za EV charging station zimafuna kuti madalaivala azinyamula khadi ya RFID yodziwika ndi ogulitsa kapena makiyi kuti ayambitse kulipiritsa, ndipo ambiri ogwira ntchito pamasiteshoni oyitanitsa amaperekabe izi.Kuyambira cha m'ma 2010, malo opangira anthu ambiri anayamba kupereka mapulogalamu a foni yamakono omwe madalaivala a EV angagwiritse ntchito m'malo mwa makhadi kapena mafungulo akuluakulu - kusintha kwa njira zina, koma ndondomekoyi idakhalabe yogawanika ndipo nthawi zina imakhala yokhumudwitsa.
"Ndizovuta - muyenera kutsitsa pulogalamu kuti muyambe kulipiritsa," adatero Offerman.Ngakhale izi zitha kugwira ntchito kwa madalaivala ena a EV, "Sindikufuna kukonzekera pasadakhale, ndikudziwa komwe ndimalipiritsa," adawonjezera.
Malamulo aboma akukakamiza kwambiri ma network omwe amalipiritsa kuti asiye njira za eni enizi ndikulandila ma kirediti kadi ndi kirediti kadi m'malo mwake.Koma kutembenuza malo opangira mafuta kuti avomereze njira zolipirirazi kumabwera ndi zovuta zake.
信用卡和借记卡读卡器â�<“它們可能很笨重，可能会遭受大量磨损，并且可能需要频市给结绕开共政策高级副总裁Sara Rafalson akuti. <“它們可能很笨重，可能会遭受大量磨损，并且可能需要频繁维护，”EVgo 市场开发和还公共改发和公共改共公平发和公平共的公义共。 mawu.Owerenga ma kirediti kadi ndi kirediti "Zitha kukhala zochulukirapo, zotopa kwambiri, ndipo zimafunikira kukonzedwa pafupipafupi," adatero Sarah Rafalson, wachiwiri kwa purezidenti wamkulu wa chitukuko cha msika ndi mfundo za anthu ku EVgo.Malamulo a NEVI ndi mapulogalamu ena omwe amathandizidwa ndi boma amafuna kuti masiteshoni avomereze makhadi a kingongole ndi kirediti, koma kudzera munjira yolipirira popanda kulumikizana yomwe imakhala yosasunthika kuposa ku swipe kapena kuyika ukadaulo.
Ndalama zopatulika za malipiro ndizomwe zimatchedwa "plug and charge" ntchito: malipiro olipira kudzera pakusinthana kwa data pakati pa galimoto yamagetsi ndi nsanja yolipiritsa.Izi zidzalola madalaivala kuti angolowetsamo ndikuyamba kulipiritsa, kuchotsa kufunikira kwa makiyi a RFID, mapulogalamu a smartphone, makhadi a ngongole kapena njira zina zolipirira zomwe zilipo.
Masiku ano, Tesla Supercharger imathandizira izi - ntchito yosavuta kwa kampani yomwe ili ndi maubwenzi omwe alipo ndi eni ake onse a EV ndipo yaphatikiza ukadaulo wake wamagalimoto ndi ma charger.Koma a Jonathan Levy, manejala wamkulu wa Kaluza ku United States, wopereka pulogalamu yoyendetsera magalimoto amagetsi ku UK, komanso wamkulu wakale wamakampani a EVgo, adati padakali njira yayitali yoti tikwaniritse miyezo ya plug-and-play. .
Magalimoto amagetsi a Tesla amathandizira kale kulumikizidwa ndi kulipiritsa, koma makampani ena ogulitsa akungoyamba kugwiritsa ntchito gawoli kudzera mu muyezo wotchedwa ISO 15118. Ntchito zothandizidwa ndi NEVI ziyenera kukhala ndi zida zomwe zimakwaniritsa muyezo wa ISO 15118, "koma sananene. ikuyenera kukhazikitsidwa mwachangu,” adatero.
与此同时，美国主要的电动汽车公充电网络已经建立â�<“漫游协说”，允约房一个一手机应用程序在另一家公司拥有的充电站上付款. <“漫游协许”，允许一个网络的用一家公司拥有的充电站上付款.Pakadali pano, maukonde akuluakulu aboma omwe amatchaja magalimoto amagetsi ku US apanga "mapangano oyendayenda" omwe amalola ogwiritsa ntchito netiweki imodzi kulipira kudzera pa mapulogalamu a foni yam'manja pamasiteshoni ochapira a kampani ina.Komabe, mapangano oyendayendawa sagwira ntchito kwa onse opereka ndalama.Komanso sathana ndi vuto la kusapezeka kwa mafoni am'manja m'malo ngati malo oimika magalimoto.
Zofunikira za NEVI ndi mapulogalamu ena aboma amawongolera izi.Pofika chaka cha 2025, ma charger onse olipidwa ndi boma akuyenera kutsatira mtundu waposachedwa wa Open Charge Point Interface Roaming Agreement, womwe umatsimikizira kuti dalaivala aliyense atha kugwiritsa ntchito charger iliyonse kudzera pa pulogalamu imodzi.
Bhaskar Deol, CEO wa eDRV, adati zinthu ku Europe ndizosiyana kwambiri.eDRV ndi pulogalamu yoyambira yopanga mapulogalamu olumikizirana (ma API) pamasiteshoni ochapira m'maiko ambiri.Kwa zaka zambiri, EU ndi UK zakhala ndi malamulo "ofuna kuti pakhale kuwonekera poyera pamitengo, kubweza ndalama ndi kupezeka", adatero.
“Ndinayenda kuchokera ku Netherlands kupita kum’mwera kwa Ulaya, kudutsa m’maiko asanu ndi limodzi, kumene ndinali ndi mapulogalamu angapo—osati ambiri, koma limodzi kapena aŵiri—omwe anandithandiza m’njira, popanda nkhani zoopsa zimenezo,” iye anatero.Oyendetsa galimoto nthawi zambiri amamva.
CharIN's Myers akukhulupiriranso kuti Europe yapita patsogolo kwambiri pakuchita bwino.一个重要原因是â�<“由于更积极的激励措施和充电基础设施资金，欧盟的电气化叴生放。一个重要原因是â�<“由于更积极的激励措施和充电基础设施资金，欧盟的电气化叴生放。Chifukwa chachikulu ndi chakuti "kuyika magetsi kukuchitika kale ku EU chifukwa cha zolimbikitsa zaukali komanso ndalama zolipirira zomangamanga."
"Zotsatira za izi ndizambiri.Ku Norway, pafupifupi 100% ya magalimoto atsopano ogulitsa ndi magalimoto amagetsi, "adatero. â�<“這主要是由于政府政策. â�<“這主要是由于政府政策.“Izi zachitika makamaka ndi ndondomeko za boma.Apa ndipamene timatengera njira yowongola manja.NEVI ndiyabwino, koma tikadachita zaka zingapo m'mbuyomu zikanapanga kusiyana kwakukulu.“
Utsogoleri waku Europe umapatsanso makampani opanga magalimoto amagetsi nthawi yochulukirapo kuti athane ndi zovuta zowunikira komanso kukonza zomwe zasokoneza kutumizidwa kwa ma charger ku US, pomwe "deta ndiyosoweka" pazomwe zimayambitsa kulephera kwa charger ndi kulephera, adatero.
Poyesa kukonzanso msika waku US kuti ugwirizane ndi makampani okhwima kwambiri ku Europe, CharIN imakhala ndi zochitika zingapo zoyesa pachaka zomwe zimakhudza opanga ma automaker ambiri ndi opanga ma charger a EV.Cholinga, adanenanso, ndikukweza mwachangu njira yoti tipeze kugwirizana kwenikweni pakati pa magalimoto amagetsi omwe angotulutsidwa kumene ndi zida zolipirira.Pambuyo pake, akuyembekeza kuti kulipira kudzakhala kofanana ndi Wi-Fi kapena ma cellular network. â�<“這需要一段时间才能实现，而且我們是一个新行业。” â�<“這需要一段时间才能实现，而且我們是一个新行业。”"Zitenga nthawi ndipo ndife bizinesi yatsopano."
Kaya opanga magalimoto ndi madalaivala a EV ali okonzeka kudikirira ndi funso lina.Kusuntha kwa Ford, General Motors ndi opanga ma automaker ena kuti asinthe kuchoka pamakina opangira ma charger ophatikizana kupita ku zolumikizira zomwe zimagwirizana ndi NACS m'magalimoto awo amtsogolo amagetsi akuyimira gawo lofunikira patsogolo, adatero Andrew Krulewitz, CEO wa kampani yobwereketsa magalimoto amagetsi, kuthana ndi vuto lomwe lidachitika. .kukhazikitsidwa kwa matekinoloje otengera miyezo ndi patented.Kuyambitsa Zevvy.Mwachidule, adati, opanga magalimoto, atatopa ndi kusagwirizana bwino, akufunafuna chitetezo muukadaulo wa Tesla wovomerezeka.
"Izi ndizomwe mukufunikira ngati mukuyendetsa Tesla," adatero. �<“[车内]的大屏幕会准确地告诉您要去哪里、有多少个摊位、需要多长时间- 只要将其只要将其。 �<“[车内]的大屏幕会准确地告诉您要去哪里、有多少个摊位、需要多长时间-只要将其只要将其。“Sikirini yaikulu [m’galimotoyo] imakuonetsani komwe mukupita, malo ogulitsira angati, itenga nthawi yayitali bwanji—ingoyiyikani ndipo imagwira ntchito.”
Izi zikuwonetsa momwe kulipiritsa kogwirizana koma eni ake (m'malo motengera miyezo) kungathetsere mavuto ambiri.Akatswiri azamakampani amazindikira kuti magwiridwe antchito apamwamba komanso kukhutitsidwa kwa netiweki ya Tesla's Supercharger poyerekeza ndi ma network a Supercharger omwe amayendetsedwa ndi makampani ena ndi chifukwa chakuwongolera kwakampani pazinthu zonse zantchito yake komanso chidwi chofuna kuwonetsetsa kuti ikugwira ntchito moyenera.Pangani zochitikazo kukhala zosalala komanso zopanda zovuta momwe zingathere kwa ogula a EV.
Nthawi yomwe imatenga kuti mupange ndikukhazikitsa miyezo mdziko lenileni ingapangitse makampani ojambulira kuganiza kuti ali bwino kutengera buku lamasewera la Tesla ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwaukadaulo momwe angathere, m'malo modikirira chitukuko pang'onopang'ono.Kulimbikitsa kutukuka kwa miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi kuti kuwonetsetse kuti chilengedwe chizikhala chokhazikika cha EV.
Ngakhale kuti njira iyi ingakhale yosangalatsa, kampani iliyonse yomwe ikukonzekera kupezerapo mwayi pa ndalama zambiri zaboma zomwe zimalowa pakulipiritsa magalimoto amagetsi zimakhala zovuta kuziyendetsa.Malamulo a NEVI amafuna kuti malo operekera ogulitsa agwirizane ndi pulogalamu yapaintaneti ya ena - mwina kuti athe kusamutsa deta yamayendedwe olipira pakati pa ogulitsa, kapena, zikavuta kwambiri, kulola wogulitsa m'modzi kutenga zomwe wina ali nazo kale mu bizinesi ya malo opangira magetsi panthawi yamagetsi.
"Vuto pakali pano ndi kugwirizana kwa maukonde," anatero Carter Lee, CEO wa Swtch, wopereka mapulogalamu a galimoto yamagetsi ku Toronto, Canada.Ngati makampani pawokha sakuwonetsetsa kuti zoyesayesa zawo zikukwaniritsa miyezo, "njira izi sizingagwire ntchito."
Mwanjira ina, zovuta zogwirira ntchito zitha kukhala zosapeŵeka ngakhale makampani olipira ndalama ataganiza zogwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje awo ophatikizika kunja kwa ukadaulo womwe ukupita patsogolo.S44's Offermann akuti ichi ndi chifukwa chachikulu chomwe miyezo yaukadaulo yamisika yayikulu monga cloud computing ndi telecommunications ikumenya mayankho akunyumba.Komabe, mphamvu zomwezo sizinawonekere mumakampani opangira magalimoto amagetsi.
"Kwa zaka pafupifupi 10 tsopano, takhala ndi "Tesla" yotsekera network yomwe sinapindule madalaivala ena," adatero.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-14-2024