USBndi "Universal Serial Bus", Dzina lachi China limatchedwa Universal Serial Bus.Uwu ndiukadaulo watsopano wamawonekedwe womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa PC zaka zaposachedwa.Doko la USB lili ndi mawonekedwe a liwiro lotumizira mwachangu, kuthandizira kusinthana kotentha ndikulumikiza zida zingapo.Zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumitundu yonse yazida zakunja.Pali mitundu itatu ya madoko a USB: USB1.1, USB2.0, ndi posachedwa USB 3.0.Mwachidziwitso, USB1.1 imatha kutulutsa liwiro lofikira 12Mbps/ SEC, pomwe USB2.0 imatha kutulutsa liwiro lofikira 480Mbps/ SEC, ndipo ndi yobwerera m'mbuyo yogwirizana ndi USB1.1.
Pamene hardware kompyuta akufotokozera pa liwiro lathunthu, zipangizo zotumphukira ukuwonjezeka tsiku ndi tsiku, kiyibodi, mbewa, modemu, chosindikizira, scanner amadziwika kale kwa onse, digito kamera, MP3 walkman akubwera mmodzi ndi mzake, zipangizo zambiri, momwe kulumikiza munthu kompyuta?USB idapangidwira izi.
Kukula kwa cholumikizira cha USB ndikusintha kwazaka 20 zapitazi
Chipangizo chilichonse chapakompyuta chikhoza kuchepetsedwa kwambiri chifukwa cholephera kulandira ndi kutumiza deta kumayiko akunja.Kulepheretsa kwa data pamapanelo a input/output (I/O) kumachepetsa kusamutsa zidziwitso ndipo kumapangitsa kuti zida zisagwire bwino ntchito.Kwa zaka zambiri, 15 - ndi 25-pin D-Sub zolumikizira zasintha mu luso lawo lopereka zotumphukira ndi ma data okwanira otumizira I / O.Zochokera ku ntchito zankhondo, zolumikizira za Mil-Speczi zimakhala ndi ma pini odalirika ndi ma socket, komanso nyumba zolimba.Kusintha zolumikizira za Mil-Spec izi kumitundu yamalonda ndikuziyika pamitengo ya ogula zimawapangitsa kukhala ogula, omwe tsopano amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamavidiyo, zida zamakompyuta ndi zina zambiri.Pamene kufunikira kwa ma data kumawonjezeka kuchokera ku kilobytes kupita ku megabytes, malo ochepa amapezeka kuti agwirizane ndi kunja, zomwe zimafuna njira zatsopano zolumikizira.Mu 1996, usB-IF, gulu la atsogoleri amakampani opanga zamagetsi, adabadwa ndikutulutsa m'badwo woyamba wa madoko a USB.Kutulutsidwa koyamba kunali mawonekedwe owongolera a USB1.1 omwe amasinthidwa kuti asinthe mawonekedwe, omwe adasokoneza kwambiri kulumikizana pakati pa zotumphukira zowonjezera, kuphatikiza ma flash ndi ma hard drive akunja, ma scanner ndi osindikiza.Kulumikizana kumapangidwa kudzera pa cholumikizira chaching'ono cha makona anayi chokhala ndi liwiro loyambira la 1.5Mb/s, pogwiritsa ntchito kulumikizana kwamphamvu kocheperako ndi moyo pafupifupi nthawi masauzande, koma mbali imodzi yokha.
Ubwino waukulu wa muyezo wa USB ndikutha kutumiza mphamvu ndi ma sign nthawi imodzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zida zakutali zizigwira ntchito popanda mphamvu zakunja.Kuthekera kwa "hot plug" ndi chinthu china chofunikira pamadoko a USB.
Osakhutira ndi miyezo yomwe ilipo, USB-IF inatulutsa mawonekedwe a USB 4 mu September 2019. Chojambuliracho chidzasunga mawonekedwe a Type-C, koma chidzagwirizanitsa Intel Thunder 3 ndi 40GB / s teknoloji yosinthira.USB 4 ndiyobwerera m'mbuyo imagwirizana ndi protocol ya USB Type-C, kuphatikiza USB 3.2, DisplayPort, ndi Bingu 3, kumathandizira kulumikizana kwa zida zatsopano za m'badwo watsopano.Zipangizo zomwe zili ndi mawonekedwe atsopanowa zikuyembekezeka pofika 2021.
Usb-ngati ikuwonetsa kudzipereka kwake pakukweza kosalekeza, kupangitsa USB kuti ipitilize kugwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri popanga zida zam'badwo wotsatira.
Ndiyo mbiri yazaka 20 ya zolumikizira za USB.Ndi chitukuko chosalekeza chaukadaulo wapadziko lonse lapansi, m'malo mwa zinthu zamagetsi.Zolumikizira zamtsogolo za USB zidzasinthidwanso kuti zikwaniritse zofunika kwambiri.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-04-2022